The conditions inside a building that affect comfort, health, and learning.

IEQ covers air quality, thermal comfort, lighting, acoustics, and water. These elements are usually invisible, but influence how people feel, think, and function in an indoor space.

How a space supports usability, access, and performance for all users.

SF includes factors like accessibility, safety, connectivity, and maintenance. It answers the question: Does the physical design help students and educators move through, use, and thrive in a space with ease?

The look, feel, and meaning of a space and the methods used to reflect identity, culture, and belonging.

EC includes visual interest, legibility, biophilia, and culture. It asks: What messages does the environment send to its users, and how do those messages support dignity, inclusion, and curiosity?